16. Passive Voice
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
- The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
- The finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
- The subject of the active sentence becomes by Agent in the passive sentence (or is dropped)
- Only active sentence containing object which can be changed into passive form
- The two forms should have the same tenses
- IN A PASSIVE CLAUSE, WE USUALLY USE A PHRASE BEGINNING WITH BY IF WE WANT TO
EXAMPLES:
MY MOTHER MAKES THE SANDWICH EVERY MORNING.
SUBJECT VERB1+S/ES O C (ADV. OF TIME)
THE SANDWICH IS MADE BY MY MOTHER EVERY MORNING.
SUBJECT O BE+V3 AGENT C (ADV. OF TIME)
- If you want to change an active sentence which has two objects into its passive forms, there are two ways:
- Make its indirect object into the subject of the passive sentence.
- Make its direct object into the subject of the passive sentence
WHAT ABOUT OTHER TENSES?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS : [ S + TO BE + BEING +V3 (PAST PARTICIPLE)
PRESENT PERFECT: [ S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + V3 (PAST PARTICIPLE
Here are the examples:
- A young boy is catching a butterfly.
- A butterfly is being caught by a young boy.
- Yano has returned the book to the library.
- The book has been returned to the library by Yano.
John is giving his girl-friend a bunch of flower.
indirect object direct object
Passive: The indirect object as the subject
John’s girl-friend is being given a bunch of flower
or
Passive: The direct object as the subject
A bunch of flower is being given to John’s girl-friend
Take a look at the followings :
- People don’t use bikes anymore
- Bikes are not used anymore
- Did the students play the cards in the class yesterday?
- Were the cards played in the class yesterday?
- And so on
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