18. Vocabulary Around The House

Look at the picture.
This is my home. I wanna explain to you Guys about what stuffs I have in my home.
One : The Garage.
In my garage I have a car and a motorcycle
Two : The Kitchen
I have a refrigerator, two stoves to cook the meal, a dining table, 5 chairs, one TV, a DVD player , a iron , 4 cupboards, and a oven
Three : The Living Room
I have 3 couchs, 2 tables, 2 cupboards, 1 keyboard, and a tape player.
Four : The Middle Room
I have a TV, 3 cupboards, 4 emergency lamps, a phone, a laptop, a printer, and 2 chairs
Five : My room sweet room
I have 2 big cupboards and 2 small cupboards, a bed+ 1 mosquitos net,1 chair, 1 desk to study, 1 guitar, and a fan ( I don't have AC ) :D
Six : Bathroom
I have a bathtub,a closet, a mirror, and a hang wall.
And last : Yard
There's so many tree, some flowers,and 2 terace chairs

Dialogue :

It's Saturday and Joan and Steve are decorating.
Joan    : Steve, you missed a bit.
Steve  : Where?
Joan    : Here, on the wall just by the window, you can see a patch of white.
Steve   : Oh yes, I see it. It's difficult in this light.
Joan    : I know, well at least we have finished this room, only five more to go.
Steve   : Are you sure you want to put wallpaper up in the lounge?
Joan     : Yes, but don't worry, I'm really good at wallpapering. I just wish that John would decide on what he wants his room doing in.
Steve    : I know, it's difficult when you're a boy. At least he's grown out of Star Wars, I keep thinking he'll ask for red and black or something equally gruesome.
Joan      : Yes, but it is his room. I'm glad we decided not to move though. Maybe we should think about building an extension to the kitchen instead.
Steve    : One thing at a time please! Lets get this decorating over and done with first.
Joan      : Ha! Oh by the way you missed a bit by the door too!
Steve     : Hmmm, thanks. Here's a brush.

17. Preposition In, On, & At

In preposition of time We use:

•at for a PRECISE TIME

•in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS

•on for DAYS and DATES

at in on

PRECISE TIME MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS DAYS and DATES

• at 3 o'clock in May on Sunday
• at 10.30am in summer on Tuesdays
• at noon in the summer on 6 March
• at dinnertime in 1990 on 25 Dec. 2010
• at bedtime in the 1990s on Christmas Day
• at sunrise in the next century on Independence Day
• at sunset in the Ice Age on my birthday
• at the moment in the past/future on New Year's Eve

Look at these examples:

•I have a meeting at 9am.

•The shop closes at midnight.

•Jane went home at lunchtime.

•In England, it often snows in December.

•Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?

•There should be a lot of progress in the next century.

•Do you work on Mondays?

•Her birthday is on 20 November.

•Where will you be on New Year's Day?

Notice the use of the preposition of time at in the following standard expressions :

Expression Example

• at night The stars shine at night.
• at the weekend I don't usually work at the weekend.
• at Christmas/Easter I stay with my family at Christmas.
• at the same time We finished the test at the same time.
• at present He's not home at present. Try later.

Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions :

• in on
• in the morning on Tuesday morning
• in the mornings on Saturday mornings
• in the afternoon(s) on Sunday afternoons
• in the evening(s) on Monday evening

When we say last, next, every, this we do not also use at, in, on.

•I went to London last June. (not in last June)

•He's coming back next Tuesday. (not on next Tuesday)

•I go home every Easter. (not at every Easter)

•We'll call you this evening. (not in this evening)

16. Passive Voice

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• The finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• The subject of the active sentence becomes by Agent in the passive sentence (or is dropped)
• Only active sentence containing object which can be changed into passive form
• The two forms should have the same tenses
• IN A PASSIVE CLAUSE, WE USUALLY USE A PHRASE BEGINNING WITH BY IF WE WANT TO

MENTION THE AGENT - THE PERSON OR THING THAT DOES THE ACTION, OR THAT CAUSES WHAT HAPPENS.

EXAMPLES:

MY MOTHER   MAKES   THE SANDWICH EVERY MORNING.

   SUBJECT     VERB1+S/ES              O     C (ADV. OF TIME)

THE SANDWICH  IS MADE  BY MY MOTHER EVERY MORNING.

SUBJECT    O BE+V3          AGENT                C (ADV. OF TIME)

• If you want to change an active sentence which has two objects into its passive forms, there are two ways:
• Make its indirect object into the subject of the passive sentence.
• Make its direct object into the subject of the passive sentence

WHAT ABOUT OTHER TENSES?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS : [ S + TO BE + BEING +V3 (PAST PARTICIPLE)

PRESENT PERFECT: [ S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + V3 (PAST PARTICIPLE

Here are the examples:

• A young boy is catching a butterfly.
• A butterfly is being caught by a young boy.
• Yano has returned the book to the library.
• The book has been returned to the library by Yano.

John  is giving  his girl-friend  a bunch of flower.

                                    indirect object      direct object

Passive: The indirect object as the subject

                John’s girl-friend is being given a bunch of flower

or

Passive: The direct object as the subject

                A bunch of flower  is being given  to John’s girl-friend

Take a look at the followings :

• People don’t use bikes anymore
• Bikes are not used anymore
• Did the students play the cards in the class yesterday?
• Were the cards played in the class yesterday?
• And so on

15. Asking If Someone Remembers Or Not

Formal expressions

• I wonder if you remember ….
• You remember ...., don’t you?
• You haven’t forgotten ...., have you?
• Don’t you remember ....?
• Do you happen to remember it now?

Ways to respond

• Let me think, yes, I remember.
• I remember especially the scenery.
• I’ll never forget that.
• I’ll always remember.
• I can remember it clearly

Informal expressions

• Remember the old house we used to live in?
• Remember that?
• I’m sorry, I don’t remember.

Ways to respond

• Hold on. Yes, got it!
• I know …
• It’s coming back to me now.

Response if you forget :

• Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
• I’m afraid I forget.
• I really can’t remember.
• I’m afraid I have no memory of him.
• Err, let me think. No, it’s gone.
• Sorry, it slipped off my mind.

14. Offering

Definition of Offering 

1. The act of making an offer.

2. Something, such as stock, that is offered.

3. A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an oblation.

4. A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.

Offering to older people :

  

•           Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Green?

•           Should I get you a bottle of water?

•           Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Mrs. Lina?

•           Would you care for some salad ?

Offering to friends :

•           Want some?

•           Have some.

•           Chocolate?

•           Glass of lemonade?

•           Grab some for yourself.

•           Would you like to have a pancake?

•           Why don’t you have some lemonade?

•           What can I get for you?

•           What will you have?

Accepting an offer :

•           Thank you

•           Yes, please

•           I’d like it very much

•           Thank you, I would

•           That would be very nice

Declining an offer :

•           No, thanks.

•           No, I really won’t. Thank you.

•           Not for me, thanks.

•           No, thanks. I’m not hungry.

13. Simple Future

Simple future is used for describing event or action that will to do (happen) at future.

1.Future tense “will”

•To assert incident/event that future and decide that incident at talking.

Example= A: Can you help me to do this homework?

B: Of course, I will do it for you.

•To offer to do something.

Example= A: I don’t have a pen to write.

B: Don’t worry.I will lend you.

•To assert an agreement to do something.

Example= A: You must come to my party.

B: I promise I will come on party.

•To ask someone to do something.

Example=A:It’s very hot in my room.

B: Certainly.

2.Future tense “shall”

•To assert a deal or gift suggestion

Example= Today, we are free.

Where shall we go?

Note: shall for subject “I, we”

3.Future tense “be going to”

•To assert an incident that will be happened and gone ever break a promise to do it.

Example=A: Did you send my letter for her?

B: Oh, I’m sorry I forgot.I’m going to send it tonight.

•To assert an incident/event that cause there are incident/event that mention that what will be next happened.

Example= A: The sky is very dark.What do you think?

B: I think it’s going to rain.

1.Positive (+):

a.Subject + shall/will + VI

Example:I shall clean the room.

We will go to school.

She will give a present.

Note: “shall” just can use for subject “I and We”

b.Subject + to be + going to + VI

Example:I am going to play tennis.

They are going to swim very fast.

He is going to write a story.

2.Negative (-)

a.Subject + shall/will + not + VI

Example:I shan’t buy ashirt.

He won’t clean the room.

Note:shall not = shan’t Will not = won’t

b.Subject + to be + not + going to + VI

Example: I am not going to give a present.

3.Interrogative (?)

a.Shall/will + subject + VI ?

Example: Will we play tennis?

b.to be + subject + going to + VI ?

Example: Is she going to write a story?

12. Noun Phrases

Noun is a word that names a person, animal, place, thing, idea, or concept, or anything considered as noun

The Noun examples :

•       Persons: girl, boy, instructor, student, Mr. Smith, Peter, president

•       Animals: dog, cat, shark, hamster, fish, bear, flea

•        Places: gym, store, school, Lake Minnetonka, Minnesota, village, Europe

•       Things: computer, pen, notebook, mailbox, bush, tree, cornflakes

•       Ideas: liberty, panic, attention, knowledge, compassion, worship

The Functions of Nouns in Sentences :

                       1.Subject of the sentence

                       2.Predicate Noun (also Predicate Nominative or Subjective Complement)

                       3. Appositive (noun in apposition)

                       4. Direct object of a verb

                       5. Indirect object of a verb

                       6. Object of the preposition

                       7. Object Complement (Objective Complement)

Gerunds can also be classified as noun :

For example:

•       I like swimming

•       The word ‘swimming’  is a gerund

•    

PHRASES

•       A  phrase is a group of related words that lacks both a subject and a predicate. Because it lacks a subject and a predicate it cannot act as a sentence.

•       A noun phrase consists of a pronoun or noun with any associated modifiers, including adjectives, adjective phrases, and other nouns in the possessive case.

•       Like a noun, a noun phrase can act as a subject, as the object of a verb or verbal, as a subject orobject complement, or as the object of a preposition, as in the following ...

•       Small children often insist that they can do it by themselves.